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Swine Nutrition and Feed Technology
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2008;21(12): 1753-1759.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.80151    Published online November 3, 2008.
Effects of β-Glucan from Paenibacillus polymyxa and L-theanine on Growth Performance and Immunomodulation in Weanling Piglets
Y. H. Hwang, B. K. Park, J. H. Lim, M. S. Kim, I. B. Song, S. C. Park, H. K. Jung, J. H. Hong, H. I. Yun*
Correspondence:  H. I. Yun,
Abstract
Forty weanling piglets (5.60.5 kg and 26 to 30 d of age) were used in a 28-d experiment to determine the effects of -glucan from Paenibacillus polymyxa and L-theanine on growth performance. Piglets were randomly allotted to four groups (n = 10, 2 animals per pen) provided with the basal feed (control), -glucan 400 mg/kg feed, L-theanine 80 mg/kg feed or -glucan plus l-theanine (combination of the above-mentioned concentrations). Body weight and feed consumption were recorded during four weeks. Subsequently, the immunomodulatory effects of -glucan and L-theanine were investigated for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production in vitro and in vivo on day 28. Although there were no significant differences in the growth performances among the treatment groups, -glucan plus L-theanine had 5.6% greater ADG (p = 0.074) on day 21 to 28. -Glucan alone or plus L-theanine increased interleukin (IL)-10 levels and decreased interferon (IFN)- and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- levels in cultured medium by LPS treatment (p<0.05). Plasma IL-10 levels were also increased in the piglets fed with -glucan alone or plus L-theanine after LPS challenge (25 g/kg, i.p.), whereas plasma IFN- and TNF- levels were decreased (p<0.05). The levels of IFN- in piglets fed with -glucan plus L-theanine showed the greatest inhibition after LPS challenges. In conclusion, treatment of -glucan alone or plus L-theanine might lessen inflammatory responses against Gram-negative bacterial infection via the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and enhancement of anti-inflammatory cytokine production. Further studies are needed to determine an optimal concentration of -glucan and L-theanine for improved growth performance.
Keywords: b-Glucan; L-theanine; Piglets; Lipopolysaccharide; Cytokine


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