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Animal Breeding and Genetics
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2004;17(1): 1-6.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2004.1    Published online January 1, 2004.
Performance Evaluation of Karan Fries and Karan Swiss Cattle under Closed Breeding System
M. K. Singh, M. Gurnani
Abstract
The 490 and 380 performance records of Karan Fries and Karan Swiss cows developed through crossbreeding followed by inter-se mating were evaluated for production, reproduction performance and disposal rate. Duration of study (1982-92) was grouped into five periods (1982-83; 1984-85; 1986-87; 1988-89; 1990-92) and each year was divided into four seasons (Winter: Dec.-Jan.; Spring: Feb.-March; Summer: April-June; Rainy: July-Sept.; Autumn: Oct.-Nov). Data were also classified according to sire and level of inbreeding. The least squares means of FLY (first lactation yield -305 days), FLL (first lactation length), FSP (first service period), FDP (first dry period), FCI (first calving interval ), MY/FLL (milk yield per day of first lactation length), MY/FCI (milk yield per day of first calving interval), EBV (expected breeding value) and EBE (expected breeding efficiency) were 3,173 82 kg, 346 11 days, 143 11 days, 75 6 days, 423 11 days, 10.6 0.2 kg, 8.9 0.2 kg, 3,380 26 kg, and 88.2 1.3% respectively in Karan Fries. Corresponding estimates in Karan Swiss cows were 2,616 82 kg, 328 8 days, 148 12 days, 103 9 days, 435 13 days, 8.9 0.2 kg, 7.2 0.3 kg, 2,924 38 kg and 86.0 3.8% respectively. The effect of sire was significant on FLY, MY/FLL, MY/FCI and EBV in both the herd (p<0.01). The 10 and 15% sires showed superiority (FLY) over herd average of 11 and 7% in Karan Fries and 32 and 21% in Karan Swiss cattle respectively. Inbreeding has adversely and significantly (p<0.05) affected the FLY, MY/FLL, MY/FCI and survivability of Karan Fries females; FDP and disposal through culling of Karan Swiss heifers. The Karan Fries heifers with inbreeding above 12.5% performed 16% lower FLY to herd average. The effect of season of calving was significant on FLL, FSP and FCI (p<0.05) in Karan Fries. Summer calvers (361 12) were have higher lactation length and autumn calvers (329 14) had minimum. Period of calving significantly influenced the FSP, FCI, MY/FLL and MY/FCI in Karan Fries and FLY, MY/FLL and MY/FCI in Karan Swiss. Production efficiency traits in Karan Fries herd witnessed higher yield in the last two periods whereas, Karan Swiss heifers showed fluctuating performance. The findings suggested judicious use of available genetic variability, keeping of inbreeding under safer level and managemental interventions for the consistent improvement of both herds.
Keywords: Sire; Inbreeding; Performance; Karan Fries; Karan Swiss


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