Teratogenic and Embryotoxic Effects of Clomiphene Citrate in Developing Mice

Ara, Chaman; Asmatullah,

doi:2011.24.8.1053

Article

Animal Reproduction and Physiology

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2011;24(8): 1053-1059.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2011.10392 Published online June 22, 2011.

Teratogenic and Embryotoxic Effects of Clomiphene Citrate in Developing Mice

Chaman Ara, Asmatullah

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the teratogenic and embryotoxic effects of clomiphene citrate in mice. The pregnant mice were administered a single dose of clomiphene citrate at different concentrations i.e 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g/g BW on day 8 of gestation. Fetuses recovered on day 18 of gestation were analyzed on morphological, morphometric and histological basis. Morphological observations showed defects like open eyelids, anophthalmia, fore and hindlimb micromelia, meromelia, amelia, sacral hygroma, hydrocephaly, hemorrhagic spots, kyphosis and clubbed feet. Morphometric analysis indicated a significant (p<0.001) reduction in fetal body weight, crown rump length, head circumference, eye circumference, forelimb and hindlimb lengths and tail size against controls. The histological observations showed brain defects like hydrocephaly, enlarged ventricles and undifferentiated neuroglial cells in cerebellum. Cleft palate, underdeveloped pharynx and atrophy of jaw muscles were the common anatomical defects of pharyngeal region. It is concluded that the concentrations of clomiphene citrate used during the present study proved teratogenic in mice fetuses.

Keywords: Clomiphene Citrate; Teratogenicity; Embryotoxicity; Mice Development