Anim Biosci > Volume 32(6); 2019 > Article |
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Exposure (d) | DM (%) | OM | CP | EE | NDF | ADF | WSC |
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------------------------------------------------------------% of DM------------------------------------------------------------ | |||||||
Jinnuo | |||||||
0 | 30.21f | 93.36c | 7.99a | 2.34a | 59.06a | 34.70b | 13.04a |
7 | 36.42e | 94.31b | 7.64b | 2.23a | 53.29c | 27.44g | 12.84b |
15 | 47.46b | 93.99b | 7.43bc | 2.11a | 45.46f | 27.74f | 12.21c |
30 | 55.73a | 96.02a | 7.22cd | 1.98a | 43.54g | 29.17e | 12.32c |
60 | 42.41d | 94.20b | 7.09ed | 1.94a | 58.02b | 33.53c | 10.87d |
90 | 47.73b | 93.91b | 6.85e | 1.90a | 49.72e | 33.05d | 9.57e |
180 | 44.61c | 93.87b | 4.41f | 1.87a | 50.42d | 35.21a | 7.13f |
Jintian | |||||||
0 | 30.67g | 94.46d | 9.51a | 2.16a | 45.59f | 30.50c | 13.21a |
7 | 34.46f | 95.31b | 8.28b | 2.04ab | 46.00ef | 32.08b | 13.05b |
15 | 35.25e | 96.77a | 8.18b | 1.90ab | 46.32e | 29.09d | 12.78c |
30 | 46.73a | 95.14bc | 7.94c | 1.79ab | 51.66c | 26.26e | 12.24d |
60 | 39.42d | 94.91c | 7.13d | 1.75ab | 49.63d | 34.64a | 10.44e |
90 | 45.54b | 95.37b | 6.33e | 1.65ab | 52.50b | 29.19d | 9.43f |
180 | 43.68c | 94.58d | 3.28f | 1.60b | 54.65a | 34.74a | 7.21g |
Xianyu | |||||||
0 | 30.43e | 94.68e | 6.74a | 1.55a | 60.69a | 34.80c | 11.75a |
7 | 44.78d | 95.83b | 6.28b | 1.46ab | 51.99f | 31.55e | 11.18b |
15 | 44.62e | 95.19d | 5.58c | 1.30ab | 54.57d | 29.86f | 10.52c |
30 | 54.45a | 96.21a | 5.40c | 1.23abc | 56.15b | 35.88b | 10.10d |
60 | 48.52c | 94.71e | 4.59d | 1.18abc | 54.86cd | 36.15b | 8.82e |
90 | 49.74b | 95.49c | 4.43d | 1.12bc | 53.63e | 32.97d | 7.47f |
180 | 48.42c | 95.38cd | 3.63e | 0.85c | 55.21c | 37.83a | 6.30g |
SEM | 0.12 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.04 |
Cultivar (C) means | |||||||
Jinnuo | 43.51b | 94.24c | 6.95b | 2.05a | 51.36b | 31.55b | 11.14b |
Jintian | 39.39c | 95.22a | 7.24a | 1.84b | 49.48c | 30.93c | 11.19a |
Xianyu | 45.85a | 94.95b | 5.24c | 1.24c | 55.30a | 34.15a | 9.45c |
Exposure (d, D) means | |||||||
0 | 30.44g | 93.21e | 8.08a | 2.02a | 55.11a | 33.33c | 12.67a |
7 | 38.55f | 95.15b | 7.40b | 1.91ab | 50.43e | 30.36e | 12.36b |
15 | 42.44e | 95.32b | 7.06c | 1.77abc | 48.78f | 28.9f | 11.84c |
30 | 52.30a | 95.79a | 6.85d | 1.67bcd | 50.45e | 30.44e | 11.55d |
60 | 43.45d | 94.61d | 6.27e | 1.62cd | 54.17b | 34.77b | 10.04e |
90 | 47.67b | 94.93c | 5.87f | 1.56cd | 51.95d | 31.74d | 8.82f |
180 | 45.57c | 94.61d | 3.77g | 1.44d | 53.43c | 35.93a | 6.88g |
Significance of main effects and interaction | |||||||
C | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0006 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
C×D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.9999 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Exposure (d) | LAB | Aerobic bacteria | Yeasts | Molds |
---|---|---|---|---|
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---------------------- log10 cfu/g of FM ----------------- | ||||
Jinnuo | ||||
0 | 5.25a | 6.81cb | 5.76c | 5.83a |
7 | 5.15ab | 7.03b | 5.63cd | 5.42bc |
15 | 5.03b | 7.56a | 5.45d | 5.35c |
30 | 4.85c | 6.73c | 5.46d | 5.21c |
60 | 4.76cd | 6.45d | 5.23e | 5.78a |
90 | 4.31e | 5.31e | 6.23b | 5.61ab |
180 | 4.62d | 4.56f | 6.72a | 4.57d |
Jintian | ||||
0 | 5.13b | 7.21b | 5.41b | 5.62a |
7 | 4.82c | 6.83c | 5.67a | 5.26b |
15 | 4.53d | 7.57a | 3.58e | 5.12c |
30 | 4.42d | 6.58d | 4.52c | 5.05c |
60 | 5.24b | 5.73e | 5.72a | 5.62a |
90 | 4.52d | 5.72e | 4.13d | 5.37b |
180 | 5.41a | 2.65f | 3.52e | 4.57d |
Xianyu | ||||
0 | 4.52b | 8.84a | 4.67c | 5.59a |
7 | 4.31c | 6.43d | 4.31d | 5.31b |
15 | 5.21a | 6.73c | 5.23b | 5.28b |
30 | 5.16a | 7.47b | 3.52e | 5.27b |
60 | 3.65d | 6.35d | 5.32b | 5.57a |
90 | 3.37e | 5.42e | 5.93a | 5.28b |
180 | 3.42e | 6.42d | 5.73a | 5.14b |
SEM | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 |
Cultivar (C) means | ||||
Jinnuo | 4.85a | 6.35b | 5.78a | 5.40a |
Jintian | 4.87a | 6.04c | 4.65c | 5.23b |
Xianyu | 4.23b | 6.81a | 4.96b | 5.35a |
Exposure (d, D) means | ||||
0 | 4.97a | 7.62a | 5.28bc | 5.68a |
7 | 4.76b | 6.76d | 5.20c | 5.33bc |
15 | 4.92a | 7.29b | 4.75d | 5.25cd |
30 | 4.81b | 6.93c | 4.50e | 5.18d |
60 | 4.55c | 6.18e | 5.42a | 5.66a |
90 | 4.07d | 5.48f | 5.43a | 5.42b |
180 | 4.48c | 4.54g | 5.32ab | 4.76e |
Significance of main effects and interaction | ||||
C | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
C×D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Exposure (d) | LAB | Aerobic bacteria | Yeasts | Molds |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
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----------------------log10 cfu/g of FM----------------- | ||||
Jinnuo | ||||
0 | 7.26b | <103 | 4.81c | ND |
7 | 7.86a | <103 | 4.53d | ND |
15 | 7.21b | <103 | 3.13e | ND |
30 | 7.02c | 3.74b | 4.82c | ND |
60 | 6.73d | 5.64a | 4.38d | ND |
90 | 6.85d | <103 | 7.10b | ND |
180 | 6.75d | <103 | 7.83a | ND |
Jintian | ||||
0 | 7.16b | 7.68a | 3.47d | ND |
7 | 7.42a | 6.47b | 4.21b | ND |
15 | 6.52d | 6.35b | <103 | ND |
30 | 6.41ed | <103 | 3.82c | ND |
60 | 6.31e | 3.16d | 4.46a | ND |
90 | 6.50d | 4.73c | 4.23b | ND |
180 | 6.73c | <103 | <103 | ND |
Xianyu | ||||
0 | 6.52b | 7.68a | 3.82e | ND |
7 | 7.46a | 3.15f | 6.20b | ND |
15 | 7.53a | 5.36b | 4.56d | ND |
30 | 6.02c | <103 | <103 | ND |
60 | 5.28d | 3.36e | 6.78a | ND |
90 | 4.46e | 3.78d | 5.41c | ND |
180 | 4.32e | 4.65c | 5.38c | ND |
SEM | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.05 | - |
Cultivar (C) means | ||||
Jinnuo | 7.10a | <103 | 5.23a | - |
Jintian | 6.72b | 4.63a | 3.58c | - |
Xianyu | 5.94c | 4.41b | 4.88b | - |
Exposure (d, D) means | ||||
0 | 6.98b | 5.79a | 4.03d | - |
7 | 7.58a | 3.59d | 4.98c | - |
15 | 7.09b | 4.36b | 3.39f | - |
30 | 6.48c | 3.09f | 3.55e | - |
60 | 6.11d | 4.05c | 5.21b | - |
90 | 5.94e | 3.23e | 5.58a | - |
180 | 5.93e | <103 | 5.19b | - |
Significance of main effects and interaction | ||||
C | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | - |
D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | - |
C×D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | - |
Exposure (d) | DM | OM | CP | EE | NDF | ADF | WSC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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----------------------------------------------------------------- % DM -------------------------------------------------- | |||||||
Jinnuo | |||||||
0 | 33.43a | 94.11bc | 7.89a | 2.36a | 54.62b | 31.63b | 5.87a |
7 | 33.89a | 93.97c | 7.66b | 2.21a | 50.31c | 24.75g | 5.21b |
15 | 33.32a | 93.92c | 7.61b | 2.13a | 43.57f | 25.21f | 5.12b |
30 | 33.48a | 94.46b | 7.55b | 2.01a | 40.62g | 26.83e | 5.15b |
60 | 33.74a | 95.23a | 7.02c | 1.96a | 55.48a | 30.42c | 4.65c |
90 | 33.27a | 94.53b | 7.04c | 1.93a | 46.72e | 30.02d | 4.13d |
180 | 33.89a | 94.28bc | 4.35d | 1.91a | 47.41d | 32.57a | 4.06d |
Jintian | |||||||
0 | 33.75a | 94.39c | 8.58a | 2.15a | 40.32g | 27.63d | 6.43a |
7 | 33.31a | 94.28c | 8.13b | 2.06ab | 43.64f | 30.02c | 6.21b |
15 | 33.42a | 95.57a | 7.83c | 1.92ab | 45.13e | 26.35e | 6.14b |
30 | 33.35a | 95.74a | 7.66c | 1.81b | 48.47c | 23.41f | 5.79c |
60 | 33.74a | 94.83b | 7.46d | 1.76ab | 46.78d | 31.68b | 5.65d |
90 | 33.21a | 94.91b | 6.72e | 1.68ab | 50.24b | 27.48d | 5.07e |
180 | 33.85a | 94.57bc | 3.74f | 1.59b | 51.69a | 32.31a | 4.43f |
Xianyu | |||||||
0 | 33.00a | 93.25e | 6.10a | 1.56a | 54.68a | 32.52c | 5.15a |
7 | 33.65a | 93.53ed | 5.88a | 1.42a | 47.52f | 29.46d | 5.07a |
15 | 33.53a | 94.36c | 5.61b | 1.28ab | 50.68e | 26.73e | 4.32b |
30 | 33.63a | 95.28b | 5.30c | 1.22b | 53.76b | 32.75c | 4.12c |
60 | 33.52a | 95.95a | 5.27c | 1.17ab | 52.94c | 33.82b | 4.11c |
90 | 33.21a | 94.37c | 5.17c | 1.15ab | 51.32d | 29.73d | 4.04c |
180 | 33.68a | 93.59d | 3.58d | 0.89b | 54.51a | 35.25a | 4.02c |
SEM | 0.35 | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.1 | 0.12 | 0.04 |
Cultivar(C) means | |||||||
Jinnuo | 33.57a | 94.36b | 7.02b | 2.07a | 48.39b | 28.78b | 4.88b |
Jintian | 33.52a | 94.90a | 7.16a | 1.85b | 46.61c | 28.41c | 5.67a |
Xianyu | 33.46a | 94.33b | 5.27c | 1.24c | 52.20a | 31.47a | 4.40c |
Exposure (d, D) means | |||||||
0 | 33.39a | 93.92d | 7.52a | 2.02a | 49.87c | 30.59c | 5.82a |
7 | 33.62a | 93.93d | 7.22b | 1.90ab | 47.16f | 28.08e | 5.50b |
15 | 33.42a | 94.62b | 7.02c | 1.78abc | 46.46g | 26.10g | 5.19c |
30 | 33.49a | 95.16a | 6.84d | 1.68bcd | 47.62e | 27.66f | 5.02d |
60 | 33.67a | 95.342a | 6.58e | 1.63bcd | 51.73a | 31.97b | 4.80e |
90 | 33.23a | 94.60b | 6.31f | 1.59cd | 49.43d | 29.08d | 4.41f |
180 | 33.81a | 94.15c | 3.89g | 1.46d | 51.20b | 33.38a | 4.17g |
Significance of main effects and interaction | |||||||
C | 0.8274 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
D | 0.483 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0017 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
C×D | 0.9683 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.9999 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Exposure (d) | pH | Lactic acid (% of FM) | Acetic acid (% of FM) | Propionic acid (% of FM) | Butyric acid (% of FM) | Ammonia-N (g/kg of FM) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jinnuo | ||||||
0 | 3.76d | 1.83a | 0.58c | 0.08c | ND | 0.60f |
7 | 3.90d | 1.07bc | 0.30d | 0.07c | ND | 0.55f |
15 | 4.29c | 0.89c | 0.97b | 0.07c | 0.02a | 1.42e |
30 | 4.38bc | 1.79a | 0.98b | 0.11c | 0.02a | 3.56a |
60 | 4.47b | 1.11bc | 1.50a | 0.34b | 0.01ab | 2.95c |
90 | 4.35bc | 1.23b | 0.81b | 0.15c | ND | 2.52d |
180 | 6.63a | 0.94c | 0.42cd | 0.46a | 0.01ab | 3.37b |
Jintian | ||||||
0 | 3.84d | 2.53a | 0.42c | 0.09d | 0.01ab | 0.37d |
7 | 4.07c | 2.43a | 0.86b | 0.11d | 0.02a | 0.42d |
15 | 4.25b | 0.83d | 0.42c | 0.37b | 0.02a | 0.67c |
30 | 4.35b | 0.58e | 0.53c | 0.20c | ND | 1.41b |
60 | 4.28b | 1.32c | 1.17a | 0.53a | 0.01ab | 1.30b |
90 | 4.32b | 1.52b | 1.20a | 0.09d | 0.01ab | 2.33a |
180 | 5.64a | 0.85d | 0.41c | 0.51a | ND | 2.40a |
Xianyu | ||||||
0 | 4.07c | 1.06b | 0.68bc | ND | ND | 0.67e |
7 | 4.04c | 1.36a | 0.64bc | ND | ND | 0.62e |
15 | 4.28b | 0.89cd | 0.55c | 0.07cd | 0.01ab | 1.52d |
30 | 4.43b | 0.79de | 0.74ab | 0.13bc | ND | 2.43c |
60 | 4.36b | 0.64f | 0.87a | 0.30a | 0.01ab | 2.65b |
90 | 4.39b | 0.95c | 0.56c | 0.06cd | ND | 2.70b |
180 | 6.31a | 0.73ef | 0.61bc | 0.20b | 0.02a | 3.25a |
SEM | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.0049 | 0.06 |
Cultivar (C) means | ||||||
Jinnuo | 4.54a | 1.27b | 0.79a | 0.18b | 0.01a | 2.14a |
Jintian | 4.39b | 1.44a | 0.72b | 0.27a | 0.01a | 1.27c |
Xianyu | 4.55a | 0.92c | 0.66b | 0.11c | 0.01a | 1.98a |
Exposure (d, D) means | ||||||
0 | 3.89e | 1.81a | 0.56ed | 0.06d | 0.00b | 0.55e |
7 | 4.00d | 1.62b | 0.6d | 0.06d | 0.01b | 0.53e |
15 | 4.27c | 0.87e | 0.65d | 0.17b | 0.02a | 1.20d |
30 | 4.39b | 1.05d | 0.75c | 0.15bc | 0.01b | 2.47b |
60 | 4.37b | 1.02d | 1.18a | 0.39a | 0.01ab | 2.30c |
90 | 4.35bc | 1.23c | 0.86b | 0.10cd | 0.00b | 2.52b |
180 | 6.19a | 0.84e | 0.48e | 0.39a | 0.01ab | 3.01a |
Significance of main effects and interaction | ||||||
C | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0002 | <0.0001 | 0.2579 | <0.0001 |
D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0247 | <0.0001 |
C×D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0038 | <0.0001 |
Exposure (d) | Corn stover | Corn stover silage | ||||||
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Ruminal pH | GP (mL/g DM) | Total VFA (mmol/L) | OM-D (%) | Ruminal pH | GP (mL/g DM) | Total VFA (mmol/L) | OM-D (%) | |
Jinnuo | ||||||||
0 | 6.15c | 44.12a | 40.47a | 40.10a | 6.53d | 49.32a | 51.21a | 46.42a |
7 | 6.18bc | 43.95a | 40.05ab | 39.84a | 6.61cd | 49.03a | 50.14ab | 45.34a |
15 | 6.19bc | 44.02a | 39.58ab | 38.43b | 6.65bc | 47.22b | 49.24bc | 44.76ab |
30 | 6.23abc | 42.56a | 38.42b | 38.15b | 6.70bc | 46.52bc | 49.05bc | 43.25bc |
60 | 6.25ab | 40.23b | 36.14c | 36.43c | 6.73b | 46.02bcd | 48.46c | 43.06c |
90 | 6.28a | 39.21b | 35.46c | 35.21d | 6.84a | 45.21cd | 44.47d | 43.02c |
180 | 6.30a | 35.46c | 32.10d | 33.16e | 6.88a | 44.28d | 41.10e | 41.16d |
Jintian | ||||||||
0 | 6.12b | 45.21a | 41.25a | 40.19a | 6.64e | 50.04a | 53.86a | 47.25a |
7 | 6.18ab | 45.16a | 40.56ab | 39.86a | 6.67de | 49.61a | 52.61ab | 47.14a |
15 | 6.21ab | 44.68a | 40.21ab | 38.43b | 6.71cde | 48.72ab | 52.46b | 47.06a |
30 | 6.23a | 43.27b | 39.72b | 36.72c | 6.74bcd | 47.81b | 50.72c | 46.84a |
60 | 6.26a | 42.81b | 37.62c | 34.16d | 6.80bc | 46.26c | 48.25d | 45.23b |
90 | 6.25a | 41.53c | 36.41d | 33.71d | 6.83b | 45.87c | 45.65e | 43.64c |
180 | 6.27a | 38.24d | 34.71e | 31.72e | 6.93a | 44.18d | 42.19f | 41.30d |
Xianyu | ||||||||
0 | 6.19a | 43.51a | 38.54a | 39.82a | 6.50e | 47.26a | 50.12a | 46.29a |
7 | 6.20a | 43.16ab | 38.69a | 38.43ab | 6.56de | 47.03a | 49.26ab | 46.11a |
15 | 6.21a | 42.28b | 36.27b | 37.13bc | 6.64cd | 46.14ab | 49.01ab | 46.08a |
30 | 6.22a | 39.84c | 35.43b | 35.41cd | 6.71bc | 45.67abc | 47.83b | 44.26b |
60 | 6.24a | 39.27cd | 33.76c | 34.35de | 6.76ab | 45.24bc | 45.76c | 41.34c |
90 | 6.25a | 38.46d | 31.84d | 32.85e | 6.81ab | 44.29c | 42.08d | 40.62c |
180 | 6.26a | 36.73e | 30.73d | 30.73f | 6.86a | 42.16d | 38.65e | 38.86d |
SEM | 0.03 | 0.40 | 0.46 | 0.48 | 0.03 | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.47 |
Cultivar (C) means | ||||||||
Jinnuo | 6.23a | 41.36b | 37.46b | 37.33a | 6.71b | 46.80b | 47.67b | 43.86b |
Jintian | 6.22a | 42.99a | 38.64a | 36.40b | 6.76a | 47.50a | 49.39a | 45.49a |
Xianyu | 6.22a | 40.46c | 35.04c | 35.53c | 6.69b | 45.40c | 46.10c | 43.37b |
Exposure (d, D) means | ||||||||
0 | 6.15d | 44.28a | 40.09a | 40.04a | 6.56f | 48.87a | 51.73a | 46.65a |
7 | 6.19cd | 44.09a | 39.77a | 39.38a | 6.61e | 48.56a | 50.67b | 46.20a |
15 | 6.20bcd | 43.66a | 38.69b | 38.00b | 6.67d | 47.36b | 50.24b | 45.97a |
30 | 6.23abc | 41.89b | 37.86c | 36.76c | 6.72cd | 46.67bc | 49.2c | 44.78b |
60 | 6.25ab | 40.77c | 35.84d | 34.98d | 6.76c | 45.84cd | 47.49d | 43.21c |
90 | 6.26a | 39.73d | 34.57e | 33.92e | 6.83b | 45.12d | 44.07e | 42.43d |
180 | 6.27a | 36.81e | 32.51f | 31.87f | 6.89a | 43.54e | 40.65f | 40.44e |
Significance of main effects and interaction | ||||||||
C | 0.8004 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
D | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
C×D | 0.927 | 0.0028 | 0.0816 | 0.1884 | 0.7522 | 0.7809 | 0.0647 | 0.0004 |